Neopronouns are invalid. Neopronouns make us as a group look bad, especially when used by the wrong people. Crazy outfits also make us look bad; identifying as male and not making an effort to look like a male (especially posting bikini pics) and vise versa is also invalid. And you are not trans without dysphoria. Let’s debate. 336. 621 comments.flag id: a flag with 7 stripes. in order, they are faded teal, dark faded cyan, dark blue, near-black, dark blue, dark faded cyan, and faded teal. in the center of the flag is a near-black diamond, taller than it is wide and nearly as tall as five of the flag’s stripes, with a thin dark blue outline. end id.Jun 26, 2022 · 1. Understand what pronouns are. Pronouns are words that a person can use instead of their name to identify themselves. She/her/hers and he/him/his, for example, are typically feminine and masculine pronouns. Gender-neutral pronouns, on the other hand, are preferred by some. Neopronouns are a type of new (neo) pronoun that is increasingly used ... A List of Neopronouns — Neopronouns List - TumblrNeopronouns can be used by anyone, though most often they are used by transgender, non-binary, and/or gender nonconforming people. Like all pronouns, neopronouns are personal to each individual who uses them, but they all share one thing in common: people who use neopronouns do so to feel comfortable and have their humanity acknowledged and ...neopronoun meaning: 1. a new pronoun (= a word used instead of a noun or noun phrase), especially one that is intended…. Learn more.A List of Neopronouns — Neopronouns List - Tumblr Aug 8, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... Neopronouns are hard to use and the opposite of what a pronoun should be. A pronoun is a way to refer to someone without using their name over and over, and thus pronouns are short and snappy. (She/her, He/Him, they/them) Apr 19, 2023 · Pronouns are a way of self expression and gender expression. There’s the common ones like she/her, he/him, and even they/them. However, there are some that are not used as much. These are known as neopronouns, neopronouns have existed for a long time; some believe even since the 1800s. They were originally created to avoid the endless debate ... r/neopronouns • by Nico_mybeloved Nameflux/neo hoarder/autistic/All neos/ask me :) View community ranking In the Top 10% of largest communities on RedditNeopronouns are third person singular pronouns not officially recognized in the language they're in, typically they're gender neutral and used as replacements for the most often heavily gendered third person singular pronouns in languages like English. Xenopronouns on the other hand, could be considered a subtype of neopronouns, but are ...Aug 8, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... A full neopronouns list i found. Part 1 : r/neopronouns. _Axolittle. A full neopronouns list i found. Part 1. There's so many neopronouns here I'm sure these will fuel everyone. There's 3 parts to these from what I found on Tumblr. Hope you guys find some you like!Jun 29, 2021 · Neopronouns aren’t actually new. Although Ashley says that most neopronouns tend to be gender-neutral because of how they develop, “in theory, there’s nothing preventing someone from ... Neopronouns aren’t actually new. Although Ashley says that most neopronouns tend to be gender-neutral because of how they develop, “in theory, there’s nothing preventing someone from ...Well, the New York Times calls such newly created terms "neopronouns" — and according to the paper, we ain't seen a thing yet. Now what? The Times on Thursday published a nearly 2,000-word article on the topic, revealing for starters that the phenomenon of using "they" and "them" to describe a single person is becoming normal. But that's old hat.58. People who use neopronouns are rare. People who use neopronouns for identification rather than as a substitute for "singular they" or "generic he" are even less common. Trolls are common. If you assume that everyone who asks you to use neopronouns is a troll, basic statistics says you won't be far wrong.notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ...neopronouns arent stupid, they dont mean someone is the r slur, real autistic people deserve respect. ive seen stuff like acab/acabself and emojis being used by teens trying to feel edgy, and they are not r slurs or stupid, they are just teenagers, so dont pick a fight, just ignore them if its that bad. 3. According to mypronouns.org, neopronouns are: “pronoun sets developed from the 20th century (or sometimes 19th century) to today.”. Neo simply means new. There are different types of neopronouns including “nounself” pronouns and pronouns using words from other languages. Neopronouns are gender neutral and are used to replace she/her, he ...Neopronouns are invalid. Neopronouns make us as a group look bad, especially when used by the wrong people. Crazy outfits also make us look bad; identifying as male and not making an effort to look like a male (especially posting bikini pics) and vise versa is also invalid. And you are not trans without dysphoria. Let’s debate. 336. 621 comments. yes, tysm!! i like joke/joker a lot!:D /gen also ty for the emojis, 🎲/🎲's, 🗝/🗝's, ♠️/♠️'s, ♣️/♣️'s and ♦️/♦️'s are very nice>v<Apr 19, 2023 · Pronouns are a way of self expression and gender expression. There’s the common ones like she/her, he/him, and even they/them. However, there are some that are not used as much. These are known as neopronouns, neopronouns have existed for a long time; some believe even since the 1800s. They were originally created to avoid the endless debate ... notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ...3. [deleted] • 2 yr. ago. Neopronouns are basically new pronouns people are (and I don't say this to be rude) making up. A lot of them, in my experience, are based on concepts and objects rather than sex, which is why their legitimacy is often the subject of fierce debate. r/neopronouns • by Amber-TheFanby crow/crowself, kit/kittenself, they/them/ View community ranking In the Top 10% of largest communities on Reddit25 votes, 14 comments. i already use dice/dice's and card/card's but i would like to find more:) and things similar to chaotic/chaotic's… What Are Neopronouns? The word “neopronoun” comes from the term ”neo” which means new and the term “pronoun”, which describes words we use as substitutes for other nouns. In the English language,...Well, the New York Times calls such newly created terms "neopronouns" — and according to the paper, we ain't seen a thing yet. Now what? The Times on Thursday published a nearly 2,000-word article on the topic, revealing for starters that the phenomenon of using "they" and "them" to describe a single person is becoming normal. But that's old hat.Aug 8, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... 25 votes, 14 comments. i already use dice/dice's and card/card's but i would like to find more:) and things similar to chaotic/chaotic's… What are Neopronouns? Pronouns are the words we use to refer to ourselves and others and are an important part of our daily lives. In English, the most common personal pronouns are he/him/his and she/her/hers, which are typically used to refer to people who identify their gender (identity) as masculine or feminine, respectively.Looking for neopronouns! Looking for neopronouns, most preferably coffee-inspried or non-themed. I currently use Ne/ner, Ve/ver, Coes/Coessence and Esp/Espresself. I can't find much trough google, so suggestions are appreciated! Thank you!! Neopronouns are a category of neologistic English third-person personal pronouns beyond "he", "she", and "they". Neopronouns are preferred by some non-binary individuals who feel that they provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns.Neopronouns, explained. The most common third-person pronouns include “she,” “he” and “they.”. While “she” and “he” are typically used as gendered pronouns to refer to a woman ...Neopronouns, explained. The most common third-person pronouns include “she,” “he” and “they.”. While “she” and “he” are typically used as gendered pronouns to refer to a woman ...Neopronouns are a set of singular person pronouns that are not an officially recognized part of the language they are used in. Neopronoun users can be of many different genders but typically choose pronoun sets that help themself express their gender identity better. In English and many other languages, singular pronouns can be gender-specific ...something ab being referred to as bro/dude/man/guy/homie is so very safe and affirming to me 𓁹‿𓁹 bro enjoys it indeed #broscute #neopronouns #pronouns #pronounsinbio #bluehairandpronounce #femalenpc #fyp #chronicallyonline also a lot of people still don't like pronouns/neopronouns but will still use words such as dude and bro in the same manner that pronouns/neopronouns get used ...Nov 16, 2022 · Neopronouns in particular are being used as a way to separate entirely from gender (via The Atlantic ). Words like "ze/hir," "e/er," and even "kitten/kittenself" are unique identifiers commonly used. On a broad scale, they are seen as niche terminology whose use is primarily limited to online spaces. Although not everyone is a fan of unique ... Oct 8, 2022 · Neopronouns are any set of singular third-person pronouns that are not officially recognized in the language they are used in, typically created with the intent of being a gender-neutral pronoun set. In English, and many other Indo-European languages, third-person pronouns can be gendered. In English, "she/her" is most often used by women, "he ... 58. People who use neopronouns are rare. People who use neopronouns for identification rather than as a substitute for "singular they" or "generic he" are even less common. Trolls are common. If you assume that everyone who asks you to use neopronouns is a troll, basic statistics says you won't be far wrong.Before I jump into the discussion, I should clarify what I mean when I refer to neopronouns. Neopronouns, which literally means “new pronouns”, are a classification of pronouns alternative to “he”, “she”, and “they”, and in most cases, are used by some nonbinary and genderfluid individuals. A couple common examples include “e ...Instagram: ravon Twitter : notravon Tik Tok: skinnniContact:[email protected] Gorgeous x Jun 26, 2022 · 1. Understand what pronouns are. Pronouns are words that a person can use instead of their name to identify themselves. She/her/hers and he/him/his, for example, are typically feminine and masculine pronouns. Gender-neutral pronouns, on the other hand, are preferred by some. Neopronouns are a type of new (neo) pronoun that is increasingly used ... Jul 1, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... Instagram: ravon Twitter : notravon Tik Tok: skinnniContact:[email protected] Gorgeous x25 votes, 14 comments. i already use dice/dice's and card/card's but i would like to find more:) and things similar to chaotic/chaotic's… Elaborating on the definition provided above, neopronouns are singular third-person pronouns that “refer to people entirely without reference to gender,” shares Kelsey Pacha. As research indicates that pronouns outside the gender binary are increasing in usage, particularly among LGBTQIA+ youth, neopronouns are becoming more adopted.Yes I understand that it’s a weird sentance. Ofc neopronouns are valid I’ve had some good chats recently. 11. soufatlantasanta • 2 yr. ago. This cannot be real omg. Bi_Accident • 2 yr. ago. Some people use pronouns that are words. Look at the meme this is under. Of course respect people’s pronouns and use them.2. mindites 🎱 ne / nym 🎱 • 1 yr. ago. psy / psyche / psyches / psyches / psychself. nerve / ner / ner / ners / nerveself. scar / scar / scars / scars / scarself. wrap / wrap / wraps / wraps / wrapself. i also like the heal and mend pronouns from the list UltimateDerpyDerp sent. 2.Neopronouns are nonbinary pronouns distinct from the common she, he and they. Terms such as “xe” and “em” are often used by trans and nonbinary people.something ab being referred to as bro/dude/man/guy/homie is so very safe and affirming to me 𓁹‿𓁹 bro enjoys it indeed #broscute #neopronouns #pronouns #pronounsinbio #bluehairandpronounce #femalenpc #fyp #chronicallyonline also a lot of people still don't like pronouns/neopronouns but will still use words such as dude and bro in the same manner that pronouns/neopronouns get used ... Jul 4, 2022 · Anonymous. -moth blue words are actually rly easy to fragment which ie why there are so many different possible sets for each word lol mazarine is a rare type of blue thats historically associated with textiles!! neopronouns pronouns neoprns neopronouns request neopronouns list neopronouns are valid blue neopronouns. notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ...Neopronouns are a category of neologistic English third-person personal pronouns beyond "he", "she", and "they". Neopronouns are preferred by some non-binary individuals who feel that they provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns.All that said, I dislike neopronouns because expecting people to use them consistently is basically expecting strangers to know your nickname before you meet them and for all the people who know you to tell strangers your nickname and to never use an actual pronoun to refer to you, even in casual conversation. 14. 1. Jul 1, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... Neopronouns are a category of neologistic English third-person personal pronouns beyond "he", "she", and "they". [1] Neopronouns are preferred by some non-binary individuals who feel that they provide options to reflect their gender identity more accurately than conventional pronouns. [2] [3] Last Saturday, CNN published a guide to neopronouns, where they offered their preferred pronouns, which includes Ze/Zir, Fae/Faer and Ae/Aer. Yeah, those are about as common as a picture of Hunter ...Neopronouns are a broad word that includes any pronoun that is new or atypical for that language. Xenopronouns are specifically the noun-self pronouns like you are talking about. Neopronouns can be incredibly useful especially in languages other than English that have more gendered language and no neutral singular pronouns. Jul 4, 2022 · Anonymous. -moth blue words are actually rly easy to fragment which ie why there are so many different possible sets for each word lol mazarine is a rare type of blue thats historically associated with textiles!! neopronouns pronouns neoprns neopronouns request neopronouns list neopronouns are valid blue neopronouns. A full neopronouns list i found. Part 1 : r/neopronouns. _Axolittle. A full neopronouns list i found. Part 1. There's so many neopronouns here I'm sure these will fuel everyone. There's 3 parts to these from what I found on Tumblr. Hope you guys find some you like! May 22, 2022 · According to Dainis Graveris, a sex educator and founder of Sexual Alpha, neopronouns are a category of new pronouns that intentionally go beyond the traditional gender binary of masculine and feminine. While some people consider they/them/theirs pronouns as the go-to gender-neutral pronouns, they still limit individuals to three pronoun ... Neopronouns are not inherently associated with any gender identity. Though they are less widely used, neopronouns can be used in speech and text, as with common personal pronouns. In a 2020 study conducted by The Trevor Project, 4% of approximately 40,000 LGBTQIA+ youth used neopronouns, with 1% using "ze/zir/zirs".Neopronouns are the most retarted thing I know. It goes as far to they/them, and it, but that’s it. ZoellaKat • 2 yr. ago. I’m glad to know I’m not transphobic for thinking neopronouns are stupid. I’m not for misgendering anyone, but I’m not calling someone a damn king. That’s degrading especially to me as a woman. Dec 29, 2022 · hey hey hi!!! do you have any alternating neos? (stuff like splish/splash and kit/kat… i really like splish/splash but I don’t feel like it fits super well for me so i was wondering if you have any... 3. [deleted] • 2 yr. ago. Neopronouns are basically new pronouns people are (and I don't say this to be rude) making up. A lot of them, in my experience, are based on concepts and objects rather than sex, which is why their legitimacy is often the subject of fierce debate.I respect neopronouns, but I don't really understand them. I use she/her pronouns not because I like the pronouns themselves, but because they represent femininity. Because neopronouns are almost always really recent words, they don't really represent anything, and that's the part I don't understand.People who use gender nonspecific neopronouns like xe/xem/xeir and ze/zir/zirs may find others in their lives asking them to explain their pronouns more often than not. (By the way, those ...Neopronouns are real because they carry meaning and are understood by others." The article goes on to quote practitioners explaining their reasoning for choosing a neopronoun, including a 15-year ...According to mypronouns.org, neopronouns are: “pronoun sets developed from the 20th century (or sometimes 19th century) to today.”. Neo simply means new. There are different types of neopronouns including “nounself” pronouns and pronouns using words from other languages. Neopronouns are gender neutral and are used to replace she/her, he ...Pronouns are a way of self expression and gender expression. There’s the common ones like she/her, he/him, and even they/them. However, there are some that are not used as much. These are known as neopronouns, neopronouns have existed for a long time; some believe even since the 1800s. They were originally created to avoid the endless debate ...Dragonself neopronouns is a gender neutral pronoun set inspired by the word " dragon ". It can be used regardless of gender identity or expression. Case. Pronoun. Example. Nominative. Dragon. Dragon went to the store. Accusative.wolfriendvamp: a gender in which one is a werewolf who is friends with vampires. end pt] for anon! both flags use purple and red for vampires, grey and brown for werewolves, and yellow for friendship. the terms are ‘vamp’ from 'vampire’, 'friend’, + 'wolf’ from 'werewolf’ and 'wolf’, 'friend’, + 'vamp’! tags: @radiomogai | dni ...1. Understand what pronouns are. Pronouns are words that a person can use instead of their name to identify themselves. She/her/hers and he/him/his, for example, are typically feminine and masculine pronouns. Gender-neutral pronouns, on the other hand, are preferred by some. Neopronouns are a type of new (neo) pronoun that is increasingly used ...Neopronouns are essentially just pronouns that have been invented recently and haven't become standard. There's a long history of attempting to introduce gender-neutral pronouns to English, especially as using singular "they" for this purpose hasn't always been as normalized as it is now. Pronouns like ze/hir are an example of neopronouns.Anonymous. -moth blue words are actually rly easy to fragment which ie why there are so many different possible sets for each word lol mazarine is a rare type of blue thats historically associated with textiles!! neopronouns pronouns neoprns neopronouns request neopronouns list neopronouns are valid blue neopronouns.I respect neopronouns, but I don't really understand them. I use she/her pronouns not because I like the pronouns themselves, but because they represent femininity. Because neopronouns are almost always really recent words, they don't really represent anything, and that's the part I don't understand. 2. mindites 🎱 ne / nym 🎱 • 1 yr. ago. psy / psyche / psyches / psyches / psychself. nerve / ner / ner / ners / nerveself. scar / scar / scars / scars / scarself. wrap / wrap / wraps / wraps / wrapself. i also like the heal and mend pronouns from the list UltimateDerpyDerp sent. 2. 58. People who use neopronouns are rare. People who use neopronouns for identification rather than as a substitute for "singular they" or "generic he" are even less common. Trolls are common. If you assume that everyone who asks you to use neopronouns is a troll, basic statistics says you won't be far wrong. Sep 5, 2023 · Neopronouns, also known as noun-self pronouns or gender-neutral pronouns, are words to use in place of a language’s gender-specific pronouns. These new (neo) pronouns are typically third-person pronouns. In English and many Indo-European languages, most third-person pronouns, particularly singular ones, are specific to gender. Neopronouns in particular are being used as a way to separate entirely from gender (via The Atlantic ). Words like "ze/hir," "e/er," and even "kitten/kittenself" are unique identifiers commonly used. On a broad scale, they are seen as niche terminology whose use is primarily limited to online spaces. Although not everyone is a fan of unique ...Neopronouns, also known as noun-self pronouns or gender-neutral pronouns, are words to use in place of a language’s gender-specific pronouns. These new (neo) pronouns are typically third-person pronouns. In English and many Indo-European languages, most third-person pronouns, particularly singular ones, are specific to gender.I found a really big list of neopronouns :D. Thank you so much for sharing! I’ve gotta check this out once I have the time!! I checked for a bit, but not much time! Thanks so much for this! (note: abyss/abysself is a prounoun set, the voidgender me is happy) (< 'voidgender me' means Genderfluid) Omg thanks this really helped me out!All that said, I dislike neopronouns because expecting people to use them consistently is basically expecting strangers to know your nickname before you meet them and for all the people who know you to tell strangers your nickname and to never use an actual pronoun to refer to you, even in casual conversation. 14. 1. Neopronouns are invalid. Neopronouns make us as a group look bad, especially when used by the wrong people. Crazy outfits also make us look bad; identifying as male and not making an effort to look like a male (especially posting bikini pics) and vise versa is also invalid. And you are not trans without dysphoria. Let’s debate. 336. 621 comments.Dec 29, 2022 · hey hey hi!!! do you have any alternating neos? (stuff like splish/splash and kit/kat… i really like splish/splash but I don’t feel like it fits super well for me so i was wondering if you have any...
All that said, I dislike neopronouns because expecting people to use them consistently is basically expecting strangers to know your nickname before you meet them and for all the people who know you to tell strangers your nickname and to never use an actual pronoun to refer to you, even in casual conversation. 14. 1.. Rummage heaven antiques and vintage
Anonymous. -moth blue words are actually rly easy to fragment which ie why there are so many different possible sets for each word lol mazarine is a rare type of blue thats historically associated with textiles!! neopronouns pronouns neoprns neopronouns request neopronouns list neopronouns are valid blue neopronouns.Apr 9, 2021 · Neopronouns are real because they carry meaning and are understood by others." The article goes on to quote practitioners explaining their reasoning for choosing a neopronoun, including a 15-year ... Aug 8, 2021 · notice: the google doc of pronouns has been taken off of ‘everyone can comment’ mode! if you have any pronouns to add, just send an ask. i apologise for this change, i am aware that it is inconvenient. the thing is tho, there was a group of about 8 anons going through and vandalising the doc periodically and i find it to be a better idea to just veto everything myself rather than the ... 58. People who use neopronouns are rare. People who use neopronouns for identification rather than as a substitute for "singular they" or "generic he" are even less common. Trolls are common. If you assume that everyone who asks you to use neopronouns is a troll, basic statistics says you won't be far wrong.Nov 16, 2022 · Neopronouns in particular are being used as a way to separate entirely from gender (via The Atlantic ). Words like "ze/hir," "e/er," and even "kitten/kittenself" are unique identifiers commonly used. On a broad scale, they are seen as niche terminology whose use is primarily limited to online spaces. Although not everyone is a fan of unique ... According to Dainis Graveris, a sex educator and founder of Sexual Alpha, neopronouns are a category of new pronouns that intentionally go beyond the traditional gender binary of masculine and feminine. While some people consider they/them/theirs pronouns as the go-to gender-neutral pronouns, they still limit individuals to three pronoun ...As a result, I suspect that the strain of Leftists who voice doubts about neopronouns regularly on this sub, with titles like "neopronouns are unnecessary," are really trying to alleviate their doubts about trans ideology in general by closing the door to a legitimate subgroup with every right to change the relevant social norms as trans people.Neopronouns are the most retarted thing I know. It goes as far to they/them, and it, but that’s it. ZoellaKat • 2 yr. ago. I’m glad to know I’m not transphobic for thinking neopronouns are stupid. I’m not for misgendering anyone, but I’m not calling someone a damn king. That’s degrading especially to me as a woman. Neopronouns are the most retarted thing I know. It goes as far to they/them, and it, but that’s it. ZoellaKat • 2 yr. ago. I’m glad to know I’m not transphobic for thinking neopronouns are stupid. I’m not for misgendering anyone, but I’m not calling someone a damn king. That’s degrading especially to me as a woman.Looking for neopronouns! Looking for neopronouns, most preferably coffee-inspried or non-themed. I currently use Ne/ner, Ve/ver, Coes/Coessence and Esp/Espresself. I can't find much trough google, so suggestions are appreciated! Thank you!!People who use gender nonspecific neopronouns like xe/xem/xeir and ze/zir/zirs may find others in their lives asking them to explain their pronouns more often than not. (By the way, those ...So from what I can tell neopronouns are things like xe/xim or ze/zir, words used for English speakers to refer to a specific non-binary person. Xenoprounons are just whatever the non-binary person wants to be called like squid/squidself or other stuff like that usually made up by the person not commonly used by someone else. Neopronouns aren’t actually new. Although Ashley says that most neopronouns tend to be gender-neutral because of how they develop, “in theory, there’s nothing preventing someone from ....